1) I'm not sure which posts you are referring to. Recommended cards like GeForce GTX 580, GTX 680, GTX 780 and GTX TITAN are good for PhotoScan Processing. While Quadro cards are really significantly slower.
2) Approximate memory consumption peaks mentioned on our Wiki pages do not contradict memory usage you have based on the reconstruction parameters used and actually are in accordance of it. 32 GB will allow you to process several thousands of images in Medium quality.
3) Well, since CPU can not be changed, using low frequency quad-core processor will result in long processing time. The only possibility to speed up the process in this case is to use lower value for Point Limit (in Align Photos dialog). By I would not recommend to go under 20 000 limit.
4)
a) Yaw, Pitch and Roll angles are not used in the processing, the only case they are used is using Camera Correction section. But since it will not be very util for low precision GPS device, then camera orientation angles are not actually required to be imported in Ground Control pane.
b) If the calibration is accurate and no camera parameters has changes, then camera calibration can be used in Fix Calibration mode. Also it will be helpful if no GCPs are available.
But in case marker-based optimization will be used and focal length with sensor pixel size (both in mm) are known it is not really necessary to use calibration data, since PhotoScan performs auto-calibration procedure quite well and intrinsic camera parameters may be adjusted during optimization.
c) If you are using pre-calibrated camera with Fix Calibration option enabled in Camera Calibration dialog, all intrinsic camera parameters are locked and will not be refined, however, based on the camera/marker accuracy settings (in case any GCPs are used for the project) camera positions as well as points in sparse clouds positions may be refined during optimization.